M &S annual report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

M &S annual report - Essay Example ng term sustainable business values, generate a continuous profit growth to the shareholders and make customers extremely satisfy their growing wants and thus to achieve long term goals of the company. The directors, according to Companies Act that came in to effect on October 2007, have the central duty to act in good faith and in such a way that it should promote the company in its success. Executive Chairman Lord Burns was influential in preparing rules and he has been considered to be independent under The Combined Code. Lord Burns had met an independence criterion that was set out in The Combined Code on his appointment on July 2006. â€Å"The Code states that ‘if exceptionally a Board decides that a Chief Executive should become Chairman, the Board should consult major shareholders in advance and should set out its reasons to shareholders at the time of the appointment and in the next annual report†(M&S, 2008). On April 2008, Lord Burns wrote a letter to the shareholders stating the reasons behind board’s decision to appoint new chairman. Men’s socks at stores are considered to be inventories and are valued at the lower of cost and net realizable value using the retail method. It is computed on the basis of selling price less the appropriate trading margin. Earning per share is calculated on the basis of earnings after tax and the weighted average number of ordinary shares. The adjusted earnings per share are calculated on the basis of earnings excluding the effects of property disposals and exceptional

Poems by Blake and Wordsworth Essay Example for Free

Poems by Blake and Wordsworth Essay Two aspects of London as shown through a response to poems by Blake and Wordsworth. When comparing Blake and Wordsworths pieces, the respective perspectives of the authors should never be far from our thoughts. Whereas Blake lived in London his whole life and seldom ventured outside its borders, Wordsworth was a rural person whose only experiences of London came from short visits. Unaccustomed to the hustle and bustle of City life, Wordsworth led a comparatively relaxed existence which perhaps accounts for his romantic and gentile style. We should not be surprised to see that Blake, a frequenter of the less-desirable districts of the capital, offers a far more cynical portrayal of London. Blakes poem is a social commentary which points an ugly finger at the industrialist pioneers and the flaws of Industrial society. Blake was a renowned radical of the era with far-reaching ideas. He uses many literary devices to impart his opinions upon his audience. This is superbly demonstrated when he writes: I wander through each chartered street The reference is a metaphorical reflection on Blakes perception that anything and everything is for sale in an industrial society and, in particular, in its impoverished areas. Repetition is clearly employed when the piece claims: In every cry of every man, In every infants cry of fear, In every voice, in every ban, The mind-forged manacles I hear The repetition could be equated with anything from the machinery at work in the factories and mills, to an assault of stabbing pain upon those suffering in poverty. Within the framework which Blake creates, the reader is left to determine his own idea of what the repetition may represent, and this is at the centre of the verses success. Irony is employed with great effect in the verse beginning How the chimney-sweepers cry. The author contrasts the poverty and ill-health of chimney-sweeps with the wealth of the church, and suggests that instead of helping the poor the church pays them a pittance to work in hazardous conditions. Irony often stands side by side with black humour, and both are well-demonstrated in this verse. The amusing of the reader with a subject which should not amuse serves to further draw them into the piece. In the latter part of the same verse, emotive comparisons are made between the plight of Londons less-fortunate and warfare. Blakes use of the word soldiers is no accident here; for soldiers are tools of war, and must have opponents. This leads the reader to ask: with whom are the soldiers at war? As Marx foretold and the French Revolution demonstrated, the working classes and those controlling the means of production operate with opposing aims. Blake brings a new element of severity to the situation by suggesting that forces are at work against the poor subjects. INSERT LAST VERSE DISCUSSION HERE Wordsworth is blissfully unaware of the scenes which Blake paints. Indeed, Wordsworths London is so far removed from Blakes that one is led to ask whether the two are writing of the same city at all. There is a significant period of time between the two which could arguably account for this; Wordsworths work being written before the Industrial Revolution and Blake at its height.

AND MICHEAL PORTE1 : AND MICHEAL PORTE1 :: Business and Management Studies:

AND MICHEAL PORTE1 : AND MICHEAL PORTE1 COMPARISON OF CHARLES HANDY AND MICHEAL PORTER Introduction In the modern age, when nature of management science is changing rapidly, ideas and work of few are helping the organizations and individuals to cope with these changes. They are the people who laid the foundation of modern management studies, and are known as management gurus. Among the few top management gurus Charles Handy and Michael Porter are the one who had the lasting influence on management thought and writing. Both are unique in their own fields in many ways. My aim is to compare and contrast the ideologies, work, and style of these two leading management gurus. Comparison & Contrast Charles Handy is an eminent management guru who has delivered insightful and humorous analysis of the management task for many years .He has developed great thinking and writing on management, arts, culture, business ethics. His writings are inspiring - philosophical, passionate, lively, enlightening Refreshing, thought-provoking, challenging and interesting to read. It gives inspiration, arguments and confidence to many of readers who are feeling beleaguered by the new priorities and agendas facing the arts and management sciences .Charles Handy style is informative, readily accessible, and peppered with personal anecdote and reflection. Many other management thinkers create new models based on empirical research and popularize them as their masterwork but Handy’s research is based on his personal experiences, assessment and observations. He started with his first book, Understanding Organizations (1976, revised 1991) and later in his other book GODS OF MANAGEMENT: THE CHANGING WORK OF ORGANISATIONS (1978) he used Greek gods in order to explain his view in a more simplified form, by doing this he earn a unique style of writing in management literature. In the 1980's he developed his thinking and writing skills , about modern style of living and working, which he explain in his famous book The Age Of Unreason and The Future Of Work(1989), which pioneered new ideas about the value of knowledge and self-determination. Handy's message is that we will not survive unless we respond to the radical way in which the world is changing. Handy was one of the first to identify the end of 'careers for life'. His book, jointly written with John Constable, The Making Of Managers in 1988, criticized the current management style adopted by managers, and advocated radical improvements to, UK management standards, which gave rise to the Management Charter Initiative (which eventually choked on its own bureaucracy). In the 1990's he focused increasingly on ethical and philosophical issues for business and society, as reflected in his collection of observations, like in his article Waiting For The

Les Miserables :: essays research papers

Les Miserables known in English as â€Å"The Terrible† is a musical portrayal of the French Revolution. It is a musical tragedy, which served as a major powerhouse competitor for Andrew Lloyd Weber musicals in the early eighties and nineties. When first debuting on Broadway in 1987 it traveled a long hard road to compete with musicals of the decade. However, in time many well-known performers were proud to associate themselves with this wonderful work of art. The musical play begins with its lead character named Jean Valjean. Jean Valjean was released on parole after 19 years on the chain gang. In this initial scene the audience can almost immediately feel the tonality of the play with the constant reference to the number 24601. 24601 were the prison number that became Jean Valjean’s identity for 19 years. The dark and dreary ambiance set the tone for the first song of the libretto, â€Å"Look Down. The lyrics to look down coincide with the chain gang, overseen by brutal wanders, working in the hot sun. It is this series of songs in Act one that take the audience through many turns of feelings and emotions. These emotional songs are used to portray poor men and women working in low class factories, women selling their bodies and more importantly a class of people struggling to scrape by. The most vivid songs used to identify the various themes of poverty and prostitution are Lovely Ladies, A Heart Full of Love, and Master of The House. Moreover, it is a song titled Do You Hear the People Sing? That prepares th e audience for the ending of Act one. Most if not all of Act one uses song, tonality, character, pitch and tone to depict the various themes of the play while the story is beginning to unravel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the second and final act the musical content within the play acts as a story of it’s own through theme and variation. Each separate song represents a feeling and or mood and is enhanced as it is varied throughout the act. Like the first act, the songs are used to portray poverty, suffering, hardships, and even death. However, unlike the first act, there is also a theme of love and happiness. Closure is brought about with a sense of warmth and this is often heard through the display of the tempo. When the times were tough the tempo decreased and was often slow and morbid like. Les Miserables :: essays research papers Les Miserables known in English as â€Å"The Terrible† is a musical portrayal of the French Revolution. It is a musical tragedy, which served as a major powerhouse competitor for Andrew Lloyd Weber musicals in the early eighties and nineties. When first debuting on Broadway in 1987 it traveled a long hard road to compete with musicals of the decade. However, in time many well-known performers were proud to associate themselves with this wonderful work of art. The musical play begins with its lead character named Jean Valjean. Jean Valjean was released on parole after 19 years on the chain gang. In this initial scene the audience can almost immediately feel the tonality of the play with the constant reference to the number 24601. 24601 were the prison number that became Jean Valjean’s identity for 19 years. The dark and dreary ambiance set the tone for the first song of the libretto, â€Å"Look Down. The lyrics to look down coincide with the chain gang, overseen by brutal wanders, working in the hot sun. It is this series of songs in Act one that take the audience through many turns of feelings and emotions. These emotional songs are used to portray poor men and women working in low class factories, women selling their bodies and more importantly a class of people struggling to scrape by. The most vivid songs used to identify the various themes of poverty and prostitution are Lovely Ladies, A Heart Full of Love, and Master of The House. Moreover, it is a song titled Do You Hear the People Sing? That prepares th e audience for the ending of Act one. Most if not all of Act one uses song, tonality, character, pitch and tone to depict the various themes of the play while the story is beginning to unravel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Throughout the second and final act the musical content within the play acts as a story of it’s own through theme and variation. Each separate song represents a feeling and or mood and is enhanced as it is varied throughout the act. Like the first act, the songs are used to portray poverty, suffering, hardships, and even death. However, unlike the first act, there is also a theme of love and happiness. Closure is brought about with a sense of warmth and this is often heard through the display of the tempo. When the times were tough the tempo decreased and was often slow and morbid like.

Miller’s success Essay

Written by Arthur Miller in the early 1950’s, â€Å"The Crucible† notes the story of the quiet town of Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. As the play progresses, a major witch hunt takes place after a group of young girls claim to have danced with the Devil. Although the play is fictional, Miller based it on real people and events documented in records made after the actual witch hunts took place, at around the time the play was set it. I have chosen to analyse the conversation in Act 1, between Abigail and John where she attempts to entice him back to her, however John is adamant he will not be drawn in by her charms and appears to not be tempted. I shall also analyse the section of Act 4 where John Proctor ‘confesses’ to partaking in witchcraft, but then changes his mind after realising he values his morals more than his life. The first episode begins with Betty in bead and, after supposedly dancing with the Devil; she is in an apparent trance-like sleep. At the same time, John and Abigail are talking about their affair, something that took place before the play began. In this extract, Miller uses a variety of techniques to create tension on stage and in the audience. One such technique is the way in which variations are created in language; this creates a mix of emotions from the audience. Take, for example, Abigail’s line of â€Å"Give me a word John, a soft word† where she appears to be attempting to seduce John. In this part of the play we see how Abigail can manipulate how she speaks to, in a way, toy with John’s emotions, however it is likely that at this point in the play the audience will be aware of how young Abigail actually is, and will therefore realise she is embarrassing herself. Although this isn’t creating high levels of immense tension, the embarrassment the audience is provoked to feel due to Abigail’s actions is likely to leave them feeling highly uncomfortable in the situation causing a tense atmosphere to be created. In contrast to Abigail’s approach, John talks more as a father, giving a very patronising response, which begins with him calling her â€Å"child†, thus furthering the embarrassment felt. Another technique used in this section of the play is the contrast between how Abigail appears towards John and how she appears towards her Uncle Parris slightly earlier on in the play. To Parris, Abigail seems to be the angelic niece who made the simple mistake of dancing in the woods. However, when she talks to John she says things such as â€Å"I am waiting for you every night† and â€Å"I know you, John. I know you.†. Both of these examples show how Abigail can change from being an innocent little girl to an apparently seductive young woman. After watching this episode, the audience are undoubtedly aware of how Abigail attempts to manipulate people, and shows how the character is likely to progress, using her ‘skills’ in manipulation to full advantage. The feeling that something is waiting to happen may cause unrest in the audience, which would build up tension levels slightly. The pace of speaking varies a lot in this small section. We see Abigail’s ‘seductive’ speech, alongside John showing remorse for the situation that has arisen saying â€Å"I never give you hope to wait for me†. This is calm, and clear – John is not interested. He sees being open and honest, stating how he feels in the plainest English imaginable as the best way to prevent this conversation ever developing again. This would keep tension levels low, creating a feeling in the audience that they want Abigail to understand, and see nothing can happen. However, when this is obviously not the case, John begins to lose his composed presence and when Abigail begins crying, the volume of the conversation increases. This, in itself, will cause an increase in tension. Following this emotional outburst, Abigail pleads with John, running to him and crying â€Å"pity me, pity me!†. Such a change in a once strong and grown up character, along with the urgency with which the lines are delivered will create huge tension and, probably more embarrassment felt for Abigail. This is a particularly emotional part of the play, which relies far more upon vocal talents than any physical contact to create the tension we feel when watching it. There is, however, one point in this episode where John grabs Abigail and whilst shaking her shouts â€Å"Do you look for a whippin’?†. By this point in the conversation the audience are likely to be in the belief that John Proctor has effectively ‘lost it’ and needs to find a way to make Abigail understand, whatever that way may be. Following John grabbing Abigail, the audience see violence as one way of this conversation finishing which will obviously raise the tension levels considerably.

John Milton And Paradise Lost Religion Essay Example

John Milton And Paradise Lost Religion Essay Example John Milton And Paradise Lost Religion Essay John Milton And Paradise Lost Religion Essay when he read them as a male child in school. He excessively, wanted to compose an heroic poem for his state to take pride in ( online-literature.com ) . Besides Shakespeare influenced his poesy. He died in 1616, when Milton was seven ( Tillyard ) . Subjects A subject of Paradise Lost is obeisance to God. The heroic poem is all about adult male s first noncompliance to God and all that happened because of it. It besides tells us about Satan s first noncompliance to God and what happened to him. In kernel, Eden Lost presents two moral waies that one can take after noncompliance: the downward spiral of increasing wickedness and debasement, represented by Satan, and the route to salvation, represented by Adam and Eve ( Spark Notes ) . Another subject in the narrative is the hierarchy of the existence. With God the male parent at the top with Jesus, followed by the angels, so world, so the fallen angels in snake pit. When Satan refuses to admit Jesus as Lord, he disobeys God s hierarchy. God and Raphael both instruct Adam that Eve is somewhat further removed from God s grace than Adam because she was created to function both God and him ( Spark Notes ) . The other subject is that the autumn really brings good with it. Such as Christ s forfeit for humanity. God shows forgiveness and clemency to them. In other words, good will come of wickedness and decease, and world will finally be rewarded. This fortunate consequence justifies God s logical thinking and explains his ultimate program for world ( Spark Notes ) . Stylistic Devicess Softness and easiness: these are the qualities of manner ( Tillyard ) . Milton gives God the quality of sarcasm ( Tillyard ) . The usage of visible radiation and dark of his descriptions of things, tell us what is good and what is evil. For case, when he describes the Satans he uses dark, when he describes angels he uses visible radiation. Using this, he makes it cognize that the two things are antonyms and wholly different, like good and evil. ( Spark Notes ) Most of the narrative is centered around the conversations of the characters. Which is sort of unusual for the typical heroic poem narrative. Epic narratives tend to hold a batch of action and combat in it. ( Spark Notes ) When Satan is about to contend with the angel Gabriel, God makes graduated tables appear in the sky. This symbolizes that God is all powerful, and God gave both angels power and Satan can non crush Him. ( Spark Notes ) When Adam finds out that Eve has sinned he drops the garland of flowers he had been doing for her. This is symbolic in that adult male has now fallen, that he no longer loves Eve the manner that he one time did before the autumn. The fallen garland represents the loss of pure love ( Spark Notes ) . Fictional characters Old nick: Satan is the first of God s creative activity to transgress. Alternatively of atoning to God, he corrupts world and drop further into wickedness and misrepresentation. He represents one of two roads that worlds can take. Either repent to God for disobeying Him, or follow in Satan s footfalls and drop deeper into wickedness. In this narrative, we get a glance into the head of Satan and at the beginning of the narrative about sympathise with him. Comparing him to some sort of war hero that merely lost a conflict to a autocrat. Some people go so far as to state that Satan is really the hero of the narrative ( Tillyard ) . Adam: Before the autumn, Adam had a great and personal relationship with God. He was intelligent, funny, and perfect. His failing for Eve, leads him to transgress against God ; taking Eve alternatively of God. Eve: Eve s greatest failing is her amour propre. She is somewhat inferior to Adam. She is all right with her topographic point in the hierarchy though. Her failings and strengths compliment Adam s failings and strengths doing them stronger together. Therefore, Milton does non minimize all adult females through his word picture of Eve. Rather he explores the function of adult females in his society and the positive and of import function he felt they could offer in the Godhead brotherhood of matrimony ( Spark Notes ) . God: God is all knowing. He loves his creative activity and is ever merely. He makes good out of immorality, by giving up His boy as a forfeit he shows love, compassion, and clemency, He has control over Satan and over all evil. His boy allows Him to be near to His creative activity physically and completes Him as a perfect God ( Spark Notes ) . Trial over John Milton and Eden Lost 1. What did Adam bead when he found out that Eve had sinned? A. a banana B. a garland C. a coney D. a subdivision 2. Where did John Milton live? A. America B. Ireland C. England D. France 3. How many times was Milton married? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 0 4. What was Milton s female parent s name? A. Sarah B. Rita C. Elizabeth D. Elaine 5. What was Milton s faith? A. Buddhism B. Hinduism C. Christianity D. Atheism 6. What did Milton non compose? A. Eden Lost B. Lycidas C. Methought I saw my late espoused saint D. Emma 7. What were Adam s strengths? A. beauty and appeal B. intelligence and ground C. elegance and tact D. craft and misrepresentation 8. What book of the Bible is this narrative based on? A. Matthew B. Exodus C. Genesis D. Revelations 9. What animate being does Satan feign to be when he tricks Eve? A. Snake B. American bison C. Bumblebee D. Wolf 10. Who leads Adam and Eve out of Paradise? A. God B. Satan C. Beelzebub D. Michael 11. Who is Satan s 2nd in bid? A. Death B. Beelzebub C. Michael D. Adam 12. What is the name of Adam s comrade? A. Eve B. Victoria C. Lily D. Jane 13. Where was Satan and his followings cast after being thrown out of Eden? A. Earth B. China C. Hell D. Canada 14. What is the one regulation of Paradise? A. Do nt eat the fruit from the tree of cognition B. Do nt cut the grass C. Do nt dance D. Do nt imbibe from the watercourse. 15. What is the flood tide of the narrative? A. God making Adam B. Satan being cast into snake pit C. God making Eve D. Adam and Eve feeding from the tree of cognition 16. When was Milton born? A. 1608 B. 1601 C. 1773 D. 1541 17. When did Milton dice? A. 1674 B. 1579 C. 1801 D. 1701 18. How many siblings did Milton hold? A. 1 B. 5 C. 3 D. 2 19. Who tells Adam about Satan s autumn? A. Michael B. Raphael C. God D. Satan 20. Who guards the Garden of Eden? A. Adam B. Michael C. Gabriel D. God Fill in the space 1. Milton s greatest verse form was 2. Milton s male parent s name was 3. Milton was buried following to his 4. Eden Lost was foremost published in 5. Satan s greatest mistake is his 6. Milton traveled through 7. In his ulterior old ages Milton became 8. Milton wrote and booklets. 9. Paradise Lost is about the of world. 10. Milton s first married woman s name is Essay Question How does Milton believe of adult females in comparing to work forces? Answers 1. Bacillus 2. C 3. C 4. Angstrom 5. C 6. D 7. Bacillus 8. C 9. Angstrom 10. D 11. Bacillus 12. Angstrom 13. C 14. Angstrom 15. D 16. Angstrom 17. Angstrom 18. C. 19. Bacillus 20. C 1. Eden Lost 2. John 3. male parent 4. 1667 5. pride 6. Europe 7. blind 8. divorce and political 9. autumn 10. Mary Milton thought adult females to be inferior to work forces, and that the adult male should be the caput of the family. However, he thinks that adult females play an of import function as a married woman and that the hubby and married woman should complement each other. These thoughts might look old fashioned in today s clip but during his life-time this was rather a broad position. Some people thought that adult females were absolutely inferior to work forces, basically evil, and by and large to be avoided ( Spark Notes ) . Milton did non believe this position but supported his thought with Scripture.

5 Other Online Dictionaries

5 Other Online Dictionaries 5 Other Online Dictionaries 5 Other Online Dictionaries By Mark Nichol Regular Daily Writing Tips readers know that I often extol Merriam-Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary, the dictionary of record for the American publishing industry. Despite its apparent casual acceptance of nonstandard spellings, it’s an authoritative resource as is its Internet version, Merriam-Webster Online. But plenty of alternatives exist; here are five interesting and helpful variations on the lexicographical theme. 1. The Alpha Dictionary This portal features links to hundreds of foreign-language dictionaries and glossaries, as well as numerous specialty dictionaries and glossaries covering specific subjects like chocolate, jewelry, and weather, and more resources like thesauruses and collections of quotations. 2. The Free Dictionary Enter a word at The Free Dictionary, and you’ll get not only definitions from various dictionaries but also citations of the word in quotations, a translation tool to find the word’s foreign-language equivalents, and lists of related terms. The site also has starts-with and ends-with search functions and an option to call up a list of terms in which a particular word appears in the definition. In addition, you can look up acronyms and idioms and search encyclopedias, foreign-language dictionaries, and specialized dictionaries. 3. OneLook.com This dictionary offers more than just definitions of words you type in; it also enables a variety of tip-of-the-tongue searches: To return words and phrases beginning or ending in a certain word, type in that word followed by or preceding an asterisk, or type the first couple of letters of a word followed by a colon and any complete word to produce a list of words and phrases starting with those letters that pertain to that word. (For example, at:air brings up not only atmosphere but also â€Å"attic fan† and atomization.) Or, precede an acronym or initialism with expand: to find phrases these abbreviations stand for, and more. 4. Wordnik Wordnik collects definitions from numerous other dictionary websites, as well as displaying online citations of the word to provide context. 5. YourDictionary This plain-English resource provides easy-to-understand definitions. For example, the meaning of atmosphere, rendered at Merriam-Webster Online as â€Å"the gaseous envelope of a celestial body (as a planet), the whole mass of air surrounding the earth, the air of a locality, a surrounding influence or environment, the overall aesthetic effect of a work of art, an intriguing or singular tone, effect, or appeal† here is explained as follows: â€Å"the area of air and gas enveloping objects in space, like stars and planets, or the air around any location,† or â€Å"an overall feeling and/or effect of a place, specially if it is an environment of pleasure or interest.† This site also provides links to other dictionaries as well as other resources. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Book Reviews category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your Story50 Latin Phrases You Should KnowHow Do You Pronounce "Often"?

Asyndeton Definition and Examples

Asyndeton Definition and Examples Asyndeton is a  rhetorical term for a writing style that omits conjunctions between words, phrases, or clauses. Adjective: asyndetic. The opposite of asyndeton is  polysyndeton. According to Edward Corbett and Robert Connors, The principal effect of asyndeton is to produce a hurried rhythm in the sentence (Classical Rhetoric for the Modern Student, 1999). In his study of Shakespeares style, Russ McDonald argues that the figure of asyndeton works by means of juxtaposition rather than coupling, thereby depriving the auditor of clear logical relations (Shakespeares Late Style, 2010). Examples and Observations He was a bag of bones, a floppy doll, a broken stick, a maniac.(Jack Kerouac, On the Road, 1957)Joona walks through the Christmas market in Bollns Square. Fires are burning, horses are snorting, chestnuts are roasting. Children race through a stone maze, others drink hot chocolate.(Lars Kepler, The Hypnotist. Trans. by Ann Long. Picador, 2011)Speed up the film, Montag, quick. Click, Pic, Look, Eye, Now, Flick, Here, There, Swift, Pace, Up, Down, In, Out, Why, How, Who, What, Where, Eh? Uh! Bang! Smack! Wallop, Bing, Bong, Boom!(Ray Bradbury, Fahrenheit 451, 1953)She was young, she was pure, she was new, she was nice,She was fair, she was sweet seventeen.He was old, he was vile, and no stranger to vice,He was base, he was bad, he was mean.He had slyly inveigled her up to his flatTo view his collection of stamps.(Flanders and Swann, Have Some Madeira, MDear)Why, theyve got ten volumes on suicide alone. Suicide by race, by color, by occupation, by sex, by seasons of the year, by time of day. Suicide, how committed: by poisons, by firearms, by drowning, by leaps. Suicide by poison, subdivided by types of poison, such as corrosive, irritant, systemic, gaseous, narcotic, alkaloid, protein, and so forth. Suicide by leaps, subdivided by leaps from high places, under the wheels of trains, under the wheels of trucks, under the feet of horses, from steamboats. But Mr. Norton, of all the cases on record, theres not one single case of suicide by leap from the rear end of a moving train.(Edward G. Robinson as insurance agent Barton Keyes in Double Indemnity, 1944) It is a northern country; they have cold weather, they have cold hearts.Cold; tempest; wild beasts in the forest. It is a hard life. Their houses are built of logs, dark and smoky within. There will be a crude icon of the virgin behind a guttering candle, the leg of a pig hung up to cure, a string of drying mushrooms. A bed, a stool, a table. Harsh, brief, poor lives.(Angela Carter, The Werewolf. The Bloody Chamber and Other Stories, 1979)I have found the warm caves in the woods,filled them with skillets, carvings, shelves,closets, silks, innumerable goods(Anne Sexton, Her Kind)In some ways, he was this town at its beststrong, hard-driving, working feverishly, pushing, building, driven by ambitions so big they seemed Texas-boastful.(Mike Royko, A Tribute)Anyway, like I was saying, shrimp is the fruit of the sea. You can barbecue it, boil it, broil it, bake it, saute it. Deys uh, shrimp-kabobs, shrimp creole, shrimp gumbo. Pan fried, deep fried, stir-fried. Theres pineapple shrimp, le mon shrimp, coconut shrimp, pepper shrimp, shrimp soup, shrimp stew, shrimp salad, shrimp and potatoes, shrimp burger, shrimp sandwich. Thatthats about it.(Bubba in Forrest Gump, 1994) Fog everywhere. Fog up the river, where it flows among green aits and meadows; fog down the river, where it rolls deified among the tiers of shipping and the waterside pollutions of a great (and dirty) city. Fog on the Essex marshes, fog on the Kentish heights. Fog creeping into the cabooses of collier-brigs; fog lying out on the yards and hovering in the rigging of great ships; fog drooping on the gunwales of barges and small boats. Fog in the eyes and throats of ancient Greenwich pensioners, wheezing by the firesides of their wards; fog in the stem and bowl of the afternoon pipe of the wrathful skipper, down in his close cabin; fog cruelly pinching the toes and fingers of his shivering little prentice boy on deck. Chance people on the bridges peeping over the parapets into a nether sky of fog, with fog all round them, as if they were up in a balloon and hanging in the misty clouds.(Charles Dickens, Bleak House, 1852-1853) Functions of Asyndeton When [asyndeton] is used in a series of words, phrases, or clauses, it suggests the series is somehow incomplete, that there is more the writer could have included (Rice 217). To put it somewhat differently: in a conventional series, writers place an and before the final item. That and signals the end of the series: Here it is folksthe last item. Omit that conjunction and you create the impression that the series could continue. . . Asyndeton can also create ironic juxtapositions that invite readers into collaborative relationships with writers: because there are no explicit connections between phrases and clauses, readers must supply them to reconstruct the writers intent. . . Asyndeton can also quicken the pace of prose, especially when it is used between clauses and sentences.(Chris Holcomb and M. Jimmie Killingsworth, Performing Prose: The Study and Practice of Style in Composition. SIU Press, 2010) EtymologyFrom the Greek, unconnected Pronunciation: ah-SIN-di-ton

Hospitality strategic marketing midterm exam Term Paper

Hospitality strategic marketing midterm exam - Term Paper Example More importantly, she has to show the uniqueness of the product such that they would appeal to all the age groups living within the surrounding residential area. Dessert can be seen as something that is minor but the way it is presented to the potential customers will make a big change if properly marketed. The positioning of the bakery is very strategic it will be located in Thayer Street which is mainly comprised of pedestrians who live in the trendy neighbourhood on the East side of Providence where the residents are generally wealthy. Given that the other competitors do not specialise in this product, she can capitalise on this advantage given that there are likely chances of getting buyers from the overally wealthy residents who live nearby. The residents in the neighbourhood are predominantly wealthy year round residents as well as students from Brown University and Rhode Island School of design. Indeed, dessert can be seen as luxury but in most cases, wealthy people are fascinated by flashy and unique things that can also be used to serve the purpose of asserting their status in society. When launching a product, the most important thing to consider is that the new item in the market has to be unique and it also has to appeal to a wide number of people. Since this is a new produ ct in the market, it is likely to appeal to a number of potential customers if the image and message are clear to the customers. She has to communicate the benefits that can be derived from consumption of the product. 3. Strydom (2004), defines segmentation as the division of a heterogeneous market into fairly homogeneous subsets or segments of customers who normally have similar needs and likely to respond in a similar way to the market offering. Basically, geo-demographic segmentation converges geography and demographics of a particular group

Culture shock Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Culture shock - Essay Example Three types of cultural adjustments are noted in the world. First, there is the culture surprise. This is experienced by individuals who note the superficial differences between the two cultures. For example, it is easy to notice the dressing style and attires of the two cultures. Similarly, an individual will note the language signs and nonverbal communication. Apparently, an individual moving from Saudi Arabia to America will note such differences. For example, the dressing in Saudi Arabia is different from the dressing in America. Secondly, there is the culture stress. This is where an individual has to adapt to the new culture. This could be a daunting task especially when an individual is immensely connected to their culture. In many cases, a person will learn these activities for acceptable living (McInnes 14). For example, a person will learn to drive a car while using the stated regulations. A perfect example is that, most of the American vehicles are left-hand-drive. This co uld be a daunting task to people who are used to driving Right-hand-drive vehicles. Thirdly, there is the ultimate culture shock. This is a psychological reaction, which is normal. These are the reactions to the stress experienced by a person emanating from the change in values. For example, when in America, shaking hands is a normal occurrence. As such, people will often shake hands as a way of greeting. In addition to this, hugging a person shows affection and connection. Saudi Arabia is a country dominated by the Islamic religion. As a fact, a better percentage of the country’s population practices Islam. Therefore, most of the values and beliefs are inclined to Islam. Secondly, Saudi Arabia is dominated by a single ethnic group, which takes close to 90%, as most of the people communicate through the Arabic dialect. As a fact, there is an immense difference between the mode of communication in the urban places and rural areas. Thirdly, people in Saudi Arabia have a liking for large and extended families. This enhances continuity of the family. Consequentially, the extended and large families have an advantage. For example, when they are involved in family business, most of the family members will be employed. It is noted that people in Saudi Arabia have a soft spot for nepotism (McInnes 34). This implies that it is safe to employ people who are trusted and known rather than employing people from other ethnic and family backgrounds. Fourthly, during entertainment, it is noted that only people of the same sex are allowed in a single room. Similarly, the attendance should dress conservatively and remove their shoes before gaining access to the house. Fifthly, people always eat with their right hand. This is after declaration that the left hand is unclean. Lastly, Arabians are generous when it comes to food. Therefore, people will be served in abundance. Apparently, the guest should try to taste all the servings. On the other hand, the United States has diverse religions. Some of the religious affiliations include Christians. This has influenced the diversity of the cultural values and beliefs in the United States (McInnes 17). Therefore, migrating from Saudi Arabia to United States will be a culture shock to an individual. For example, the Muslims have a preferred mode of dressing for both females and males. However, in the United States, each individual has a discrepancy to the choice of dressing code. This could adversely affect a

Part 1 assignment Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Part 1 assignment - Coursework Example Its next model is Model X, whose delivery to the market has been postponed a number of times as the company sees to streamline its Model S supply with the global marketing objectives. Apart from the use of electricity as the primary source of energy, the model has many other benefits, which facilitate its efforts to target its niche in the global market. Currently, the company looks to deliver Model X in the next few months. The marketing strategy that is currently being used by Tesla Motors is simply focused on the delivery of the benefits that its cars have above many others in the market, especially in comparison to its key competitors. Primary focus is currently on the new model – Model X. The new model of Tesla electric vehicles, Model X, seeks to deliver a whole lot of advantages to the consumer. First, the model to be positioned is not weight-restricted – it weighs about 10 percent that the current models and has found a way to utilize more than half of the parts used by Model S (Garrett, 2012 ). This means that a whole of functionalities can be added to enhance the experience of the customer without worrying about the weight of the car, unlike in many models in the market. This model also provides you with a double-battery pack in an effort to enhance the length of time that the electric car batteries will last. Will model will also be able to accelerate to almost 100 km/h in sligh tly more than four seconds. This way, it exceeds the performance of many SUV’s as well as the currently provided sports cars. Unlike the current four-wheel drive cars in the market, Model X uses all-wheel drive capability, which utilizes two motors instead of one. The rear-wheel drive model will also be in supply to further enhance the customer experience, especially for off-road drivers (Garrett, 2012 ). The gull-wing doors, hinged to the bottom, will make it possible for the front edge of the

Social Systems and Constructivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Social Systems and Constructivism - Essay Example Constructivism is a learning-making or meaning-making theory, which offers an explanation about the nature of knowledge as well as how human beings learn. It sustain that individuals build or construct their own new knowledge via the interaction which have been believed, known and the ideas as well as activities with which are encountered. In a constructivist setting, learning activities are characterized by lively engagement, problem solving, inquiry, and collaboration by the learners. Teachers are considered as the facilitator, guide and co-explorer who motivate learners to question, and not just dispenser of knowledge. As to Brooks and Brooks (1993: vii), constructivism is a theory about learning. The author believe that learner uses a â€Å"self-regulated mechanism† in order to resolve inner cognitive conflicts which often become obvious through concrete experience, reflection and collaborative discourse. Integrating the idea of constructivism to education is not anymore a new phenomenon. Trace back the efforts of Jean Piaget (1973), a Swiss developmental psychologist and also Russian psychologist Lev Vigotsky (1978). The idea has further influenced by the developmental philosopher Jacques Rousseau, followed by the theories of John Dewey, Arnold Gesell and G. Stanley Hall. Matthews Vadeboncoeur (1997) classifies three important strands in interpreting Jean Piaget’s socio-cultural, and emancipatory constructivism. The said strands vary primarily by; its subject of study, views.

Does radio have a future A historical perspective Essay

Does radio have a future A historical perspective - Essay Example The next decade saw several radio experimenters building their own radio receivers and by the evening of November 2, 1920, Westinghouse has launched KDKA as the first commercially licensed radio station (Encyclop?diaBritannica, 2011). From 1920 onward phenomenal successes were made in radio technology and broadcasting through research activities in Europe, North America, and Asia. The phenomenal success in the art and science of radio has greatly influenced human activities ranging from politics, economics, culture, and religion (NationalMuseumofAmericanHistory, 1933; BBC, 1940; Saul, 2009). However, recent advances in science and technology offers the same if not better means of communications that the radio offers. For instance, the internet offers better and more glamorous means of advertisement and communicating then the radio. With the presence of these technologies, one could not help but ask: does the radio have a future? The article seeks to answer this question from a histor ical perspective. History of the radio The radio has come a long way. Its journey to its present status differs in different societies. Different rules and regulations govern radio broadcasting in different countries. Even it development differs. Thus the history of radio and radio broadcasting will be explored under different countries. Radio and radio broadcasting in the United States Reginald Fessenden, a Canadian working in the United States, developed the first known radio program in the United States. With the use of Alexanderson’s Alternator in his experimental station at Brant Rock, Mass., on Christmas Eve, 1906 he succeeded in transmitting the first radio program over several hundred miles. Many experimental stations subsequently sprang up following the relaxation of the military restriction of radio at the end of World War I. Most of these early radio stations were operated by individuals who pursued radio broadcasting as a hobby. As the number of people who want to hear music from the â€Å"air† increased, the demand for radio receivers suitable for operation by the layman increased. This increase justified the establishment of stations for the sole purpose of broadcasting entertainment and information programs. On the evening of November 2, 1920, the first commercially licensed radio station, KDKA in Pittsburgh went on air with a broadcast of the returns of the Harding/Cox presidential election. Following the success of the KDKA broadcast and the musical programs that were presented on air, several radio stations were established. Indeed, by the end of 1921, a total of eight radio stations were operating the United States. The sales of radio receiving sets and component parts for use in home construction of such set boomed between 1921 and 1922. A phenomenal increase in the number of radio stations follows with 564 radio stations licensed by Nov. 1, 1922. In 1922, long-distance wire telephone lines were used to connect a radio station in New York City with one in Chicago to facilitate the broadcasting of the description of a gridiron football game. This innovation introduced a new idea, radio networking, into radio broadcasting. In 1926 the National Broadcasting Company (NBC) purchased WEAF in New York

Social Systems and Constructivism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Social Systems and Constructivism - Essay Example Constructivism is a learning-making or meaning-making theory, which offers an explanation about the nature of knowledge as well as how human beings learn. It sustain that individuals build or construct their own new knowledge via the interaction which have been believed, known and the ideas as well as activities with which are encountered. In a constructivist setting, learning activities are characterized by lively engagement, problem solving, inquiry, and collaboration by the learners. Teachers are considered as the facilitator, guide and co-explorer who motivate learners to question, and not just dispenser of knowledge. As to Brooks and Brooks (1993: vii), constructivism is a theory about learning. The author believe that learner uses a â€Å"self-regulated mechanism† in order to resolve inner cognitive conflicts which often become obvious through concrete experience, reflection and collaborative discourse. Integrating the idea of constructivism to education is not anymore a new phenomenon. Trace back the efforts of Jean Piaget (1973), a Swiss developmental psychologist and also Russian psychologist Lev Vigotsky (1978). The idea has further influenced by the developmental philosopher Jacques Rousseau, followed by the theories of John Dewey, Arnold Gesell and G. Stanley Hall. Matthews Vadeboncoeur (1997) classifies three important strands in interpreting Jean Piaget’s socio-cultural, and emancipatory constructivism. The said strands vary primarily by; its subject of study, views.

Opening of Rohan Stores in Iran Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Opening of Rohan Stores in Iran - Assignment Example Hence, by investing in Iran, the business will be entering a market with a completely different culture. Adizadeh (2010) states that despite the significant role that franchising has played in all economies; researchers have paid little attention to it in the Iranian market. The author further adds that there are very many barriers facing Iranian firms with considerations of adopting franchising. The barriers include legal, cultural, political, tariff, and economic. However, managers of already existing franchises in Iran affirm cultural barriers as one of the most important hindrances facing franchisors and franchisees in the country (Adizadeh, 2010). Leung et al. (2005) noted that the source of cultural barriers is the variations in cultural variables such as religion, material culture, language, social organization, popular culture, and aesthetics between the resident and foreign nations. The authors continue to point out that an increase in such dissimilarities translates to larg er cultural distances between the foreign and home countries. Consequently, an increase in the cultural distances creates challenges in the process of transferring the investment from the resident country. However, Ewah and Ekeng (2009) identify an increase in the levels of saturation and competition in the markets of developed countries. For this reason, Rohan’s most viable solution would be developing strategies to deal with the cultural differences and, subsequently, invest in Iran as an emerging market economy.

The Beauty of the Nightingale Essay Example for Free

The Beauty of the Nightingale Essay Closing â€Å"The nightingale and the rose†, I feel really impressed by the small bird in the tale with its beauty. The nightingale is the embodiment of love and greatness. When seeing the student’s trouble, not like any other feature, she can understand and share with him the sorrow. Moreover, she even highly appreciates and worships his love, ready to help him solve this problem- finding the red rose. At that time, she likes a beholder- â€Å"she spread her brown wings for flight, and soared into the air. She passed through the grove like a shadow, and like a shadow she sailed across the garden†. Through the soft describing, Oscar Wide shows the readers an admirable image of the Nightingale. A small and fragile bird is ready to sacrifice for love because in her mind, love is better than live. This is totally different from the young student. She flies everywhere to find the red rose; meanwhile, he still sits and cries. The Nightingale thought that â€Å"what is the heart of a bird compared to the heart of a man?†, but love in this bird is greater than one in the student. I find that she is a sample of the state â€Å"live to love†. Lovely, hard-working and active are all of her best characteristics. However, her sacrifice and hope are gone out. The detail â€Å"he through the rose into the street, where it fell into the gutter and a cartwheel went over it† makes me angry a lot because the boy didn’t respect this red rose. The red rose is the Nightingale’ soul and beauty, but he didn’t know that. In somewhere in the heaven, if she sees this sense, she will be certainly sad and disappointed. I feel really sorry for the death of this small bird and also admire this death. She symbolizes the beauty of love and sincere.

Budgeting Process and Performance Analysis of Vershire

Budgeting Process and Performance Analysis of Vershire Company Description and Background Vershire Company is a diversified packaging corporation with various large divisions. Its most prominent segment; the Aluminum Can division, is one of the largest manufacturers of aluminum beverage cans in the United states. This case focuses on the budgeting process and performance analysis of Vershire. A major concern of the company is pleasing the customers as most of their buyers have several suppliers on hand, meaning that Vershire can be easily replaced if the customers expectations on quality, cost or service are not met. As a result, efficiency and low costs are top priorities to the company. The main problem of Vershire is that they are treat plants as profit centres instead of expense centres, which is an inefficient measurement of performance for manufacturing plants. Questions Vershire Companys Planning System Strengths: Divisional managers submit reports to predict outlook on sales and capital requirements five years forward as a part of the strategic planning process. This demonstrates the companys preparedness for future event predictions and its ability to formulate long term goals Sales forecasting are formulated at the corporate level and then sent to the divisional managers for analysis and fine tuning. This promotes more realistic and accurate numbers as the managers understand and know how each line functions personally Before the submission of budget plans, controller staff from the head office visits each plant to analyze the current operations and gives the opportunity for plant managers to explain their situation and reasoning behind their numbers, improving accuracy and usability of these documents Weakness: Corporate headquarters make fundamental assumptions such as new products, new plants, inventory carry overs, forward buying, and packaging trends, even though divisional managers are responsible for managing the division which lowers the accuracy of the forecast and decrease efficiency due to necessary corrections during review All division lines use the same method of forecasting regardless of size, which impedes on the accuracy due to the different customer base, products and demands each line possesses District managers determine the sales budgets rather than the plant managers even though it is the responsibility of the plant managers to achieve the goal and is tied to their performance report Vershire Companys Controlling System Strengths: Divisional managers are given full control over their own business with exceptions to the raising of capital and labour relations which are centralized at head office. This allows the opportunity for divisional managers to make necessary decisions that is specific to achieving their own objectives Quick and easy communication between various levels within the organization as there are few tiers in the division Consistent effort in meeting the companys budget as large unfavourable variances are to be made aware of on a daily basis by plant managers and variance analysis sheets are prepared monthly Weaknesses: Vershire focuses on profit for measuring the plant managers performance and to determine bonuses. This analysis tool is not efficient as there are other contributing factors to determine the effectiveness of plant managers May Divisional General Managers formulate preliminary report summarizing the outlooks for sales, income and capital requirements for the next budget year and evaluates trends anticipated for the two subsequent years for corporate management Rationale: Divisional General Managers possesses the most knowledge about their own region and is more equipped to create these documents. It also provides a rough idea of where areas of productions can be improved Central Market Research staff develops a more formal market assessment, examining the next budget year in detail and the following two years in general terms Rationale: Uses the information provided by the divisional managers to produce a more refined and detailed market analysis Central Market Research staff develops separate sales forecasts for each division and a combined forecast for the entire company Topics such as economic conditions and their impact on customers and market share for different products by geographical area are taken into account Fundamental assumptions are made to price, new products, changes in particular accounts, new plants etc. in order to produce forecast Rationale: Promotes uniformity in the formulation in all sales forecasts, determine areas for improvement, assesses areas where market share can grow, and ensures that overall corporate sales forecasts were both reasonable and achievable Divisional Managers compile their own sales forecast from bottom up with input from District Sales Managers to be submitted for review by the Vice President of Marketing Rationale: To review of the head offices sales forecast and mark any changes and additional investments needed. District Managers inputs are utilized as theyre most familiar with sales (more accurate estimates) Vice President of Marketing reviews consolidated sales forecasts and submits it to corporate level No changes are made unless the district manager agreed who is originally responsible for the forecast Rationale: Ensures the forecasts accurately reflects both the knowledge of the district manager and the vice president of marketing Process is repeated on the corporate level (approval from District Manager if needed) until budget figures are approved and become a fixed objective Rationale:Ensures that all levels of the company is agreement to the calculated figure and that the budget is sufficient to achieve company goals Overall sales budget is translated and broken down according to the plants from which finished goods would be shipped and sent to Plant Managers Rationale: Sales budget are sent to these plants as they are the ones to generate revenues Plant Managers then categorized the budget according to price, volume and end use Once categorized, the plant managers budget for gross profit, fixed expenses and pre-tax income Can request help for the Industrial Engineering Department to develop cost reduction plans Rationale: All cost standards and cost reduction targets are developed by the Industrial Engineering, therefore, it makes sure that numbers consistent and reasonable for input Before the submitting budgets, controller staff visit each plant and review plans with managers (usually takes half a day) until it is finalized and sent to Division Head Office Rationale: Gives opportunity for plant managers to reason their figures September Division Head office looks over budget and may return it to Plant Manager if discrepancy is found Will ask plant manager to looks for any additional savings if the budget is not quite in line with expectations When it is finalized, the budget will be sent to the Chief Executive Officer Rationale: Due to the plant manger having direct experience with the plants operations, it is necessary for them to make any changes for savings December Chief Executive Officer makes any modifications to the final budget if needed until it is sent it to the Board of Directors for final budget approval Final review and ensures that budget is appropriate for corporate goals Plant managers should not be fully responsible for profits as they arent able to control all aspects of the products profitability. Since profit is calculated from revenue subtract expenditures, plant managers should only be responsible for expenses, a measure that they can control. This includes direct material and labour, variable manufacturing overhead and fixed overhead budget. Revenues are usually controlled by the sales department; which possesses control over the price, sales mix, and delivery schedules of products. Also, since the sales managers opinion is always favoured over the plant manager due to satisfying the customer, it negatively affects the plant managers ability to control profit and efficiency in output costs. In Exhibit 2, the evaluation system focuses on the profits of Vershire which includes revenues and expenses. Since plant managers have no control over the revenue aspect of products, the information provided does not properly evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of the plant. Factors such as variances in sales price, sales mix, and sales volume are solely handled by the sales department with no input from plant mangers, making results unreliable and irrelevant. In Exhibit 3, the individual plant level reports give a more detailed insight of the variances shown in Exhibit 2. Once again, it does not provide an accurate representation of the plants performance as it includes variables that are uncontrollable by the plant manager such as sales. Regarding divisional level reports, the comparative profit performance analysis focuses on net sales while the comparative manufacturing efficiency analysis compares varying sized plants that produce different products together, making it another unreliable and inaccurate source of analysis. Some changes I would recommend for Vershire company are to redesign how bonuses are given to plant managers as the current measurement mechanisms do not accurately reflect performance, improve comparisons of manufacturing efficiency between different plants due to the varying size and product offering of each plant and improve communication across the tiers in order to minimize error corrections and time for budget reviews. Possible solutions include organizing meetings to include all managers and corporate levels to discuss about the companys performance, relate managers performance with cost reduction measures to determine bonuses, and develop a universal measurement unit to fairly compare plants together. Conclusion In conclusion, Vershire Company should reconfigure its measurement mechanisms in order to truly analyze the performance levels of the company and begin treating its manufacturing plants as expense centres rather than profit centres. Therefore, Vershire can gather more accurate and reliable information to use for achieving objectives.

How Much Control Should The Us :: essays research papers

Why does the government think they need to regulate private businesses? When it comes to working conditions, employers must be responsible to create fair standards of how businesses should operate. Business owners must be able to make independent decisions regarding wages, hours, and safety to allow one’s business to be successful. During President Regan’s years in office, he initiated a policy to deregulate businesses. He eliminated as many restrictions as possible, to let the businesses regulate themselves. This means that these companies can pay employees any amount desired, so long as they meet federal minimum wage standard. A special salary for employees working overtime is unnecessary. Successful businesses will choose to pay extra anyway, as this will create a competition between businesses for quality employees. The hours an employee works need not be regulated so long as the employee is compensated for the time worked. An example of how regulations can be counterproductive is in France. Currently employees are not allowed to work more than 35 hours per week. As of the 1st of January, that work week will be further reduced. Companies are fined if employees work more than 35 hours. This is causing a problem because the companies’ production is lower and so is the quality of the products. With reduced quality and quantity of the product, these companies could be forced out of business, leaving the government less to regulate. Safety is another key issue that the government likes to regulate. Because of the reduced work week in France, it will be interesting to see if safety becomes a problem for overnment regulators or private businesses. In the United States, most business owners are aware that a safe work environment is a must. How Much Control Should The Us :: essays research papers Why does the government think they need to regulate private businesses? When it comes to working conditions, employers must be responsible to create fair standards of how businesses should operate. Business owners must be able to make independent decisions regarding wages, hours, and safety to allow one’s business to be successful. During President Regan’s years in office, he initiated a policy to deregulate businesses. He eliminated as many restrictions as possible, to let the businesses regulate themselves. This means that these companies can pay employees any amount desired, so long as they meet federal minimum wage standard. A special salary for employees working overtime is unnecessary. Successful businesses will choose to pay extra anyway, as this will create a competition between businesses for quality employees. The hours an employee works need not be regulated so long as the employee is compensated for the time worked. An example of how regulations can be counterproductive is in France. Currently employees are not allowed to work more than 35 hours per week. As of the 1st of January, that work week will be further reduced. Companies are fined if employees work more than 35 hours. This is causing a problem because the companies’ production is lower and so is the quality of the products. With reduced quality and quantity of the product, these companies could be forced out of business, leaving the government less to regulate. Safety is another key issue that the government likes to regulate. Because of the reduced work week in France, it will be interesting to see if safety becomes a problem for overnment regulators or private businesses. In the United States, most business owners are aware that a safe work environment is a must.

What Is The Role Of Engineers Environmental Sciences Essay

Through the last few decennaries the physical growing of population has become one of the universe ‘s highest environmental menaces. This growing has created singular demands for land, transit, energy, H2O, sanitation, etc. , and marked the different countries or Fieldss where applied scientists are working. As a consequence, todays ‘ applied scientists in both developed and developing states must to follow a new holistic attack toward natural and societal systems ( Amadei 2004 ) . Which means exchange the controlling nature attack for collaborating nature attack ; through sustainable development in pattern. Engineers, people that design professional solutions for societal issues, are playing a critical function in the building of modern societies, although the ways as they overcome and approach these depend mostly on the socioeconomic conditions which vary significantly. This essay will discourse the function of applied scientists in developing states and analyse H2O sup ply & A ; sanitation and energy as two of the most important countries affected by their decision-making.Role of technologyGeneral PerspectiveThe function of technology has suffered many alterations over the last few decennaries, although its construct which is based on test and mistake has remained an indispensable component of the scientific-technological method ; where societal, environmental and human factors define the most suited solution to pull off a peculiar issue. Therefore, applied scientist ‘s function is go oning reshaped harmonizing to the new challenges and necessities implicated by specialised subjects on peculiar countries of engineering ( civil, chemical, agricultural, etc. ) . ( UNESCO 2010, p. 24 )Contemporary Perspective and sustainable developmentUnlike the twentieth century where the technology epoch seemed to hold limitless natural beginnings, todays ‘ century is confronting serious jobs that are seting tremendous force per unit area on the enviro nment ( Azapagic, Perdan & A ; Clift 2004, pp. 3-5 ) . Therefore, todays ‘ applied scientists besides the basic proficient and scientific cognition of the technology subject, they besides have to lend and advance sustainable development that meets todays ‘ necessities without impacting adversely the capableness of approaching coevalss to run into up their ain necessitates. This new function of technology, demands new patterns based on social-environmental factors instead than merely concern ends.Impact of technology on societyThe history shows legion illustrations in which applied scientists ‘ public presentation has widely influenced among communities. Quality of life, economic wealth and good substructure for case, are one of the most relevant and common indexs of their weight on society. As ( UNESCO 2010, p. 40 ) have stated, by 2025, the universe ‘s population will hold increased from 1.5 billion to 6.6 billion about and the per centum of migration to urb an countries will lift from 40 per cent to 60 per cent. This information shows that urbanisation rates will hike dramatically. Subsequently applied scientists have the duty to do effectual and sustainable solutions as an incorporate attack without generate negative impacts, which is known as technology societal duty.Ethical side of technologyIn general footings, technology ‘s moralss is straight related with technology duties regulated by criterions codifications which act harmonizing to several state of affairss. The aim of the ethical factor in technology instead than merely fixed up regulations, is pulling solutions with reflection of peculiar state of affairss fixed into anterior rules. On this footing, at the clip of doing determinations, applied scientists should take into history the undermentioned points: sustainable development, protection of the public-environment, faithful agent of stakeholders – related with objectiveness, competence-knowledge, equity and ju stness, unity in the workplace ( dedication and service ) , and professional accountability- leading. ( UNESCO 2010, p. 190 )Engineers in Developing StatesAs in developed states, applied scientists must work within the societal, economic and environmental context in order to vouch existent sustainable development for the whole universe ( Parsons 1996, p. 170 ) . Social duties such as H2O supply, sanitation, nutrient, energy and environmental protection are the same in developing states. The difference resides on the socio-economic factors which are straight influenced by people ‘s behavior, authoritiess places and development precedences.Engineering accomplishments and moralss in Developing statesAs is described in the subdivision A.1 and A.3, competencies and rules of applied scientists in developing states remain the same as standardised features. The great challenge for them is in fact, to develop realistic undertakings on clip to peculiar communities and engineering availa ble ( Parsons 1996, p. 170 ) . In fact, environmental issues, frequently take less importance because there are others which have more â€Å" relevant societal impact † , oil geographic expeditions for case.Successful and failed undertakingsThe successful and failed undertakings in developing states depends much on the capableness of applied scientists to set about undertakings with a clear apprehension of the aims, dependable appraisal of resources ‘ handiness, concern, and proficient demands and effectual communicating among stakeholders. The ability to implement accurately these facts will convey up utile and applicable options to turn to existent issues. By contrast, deficiency of attending to the social-economic context, moralss codifications, unrealistic outlooks, underestimated clip, quality and cost will convey hapless results. ( Parsons 1996, pp. 171,172 )Relationship between engineering and socioeconomic factorThe usage of high-technology does non vouch a succ essful undertaking or accurate solutions. In order to accomplish good consequences, applied scientists must be able to do a balance between usage of engineering and socioeconomic properties. Parsons ( 1996 ) points out that the appropriated choice of engineering will find non merely undertaking ‘s success besides its viability. As a consequence, there are four points to take appropriated engineering harmonizing to socioeconomic factors: it must be conceptual and physically compatible with operators, trim parts and equipment must be available in the influenced country, undertaking support must be commensurate with its budget, and the engineering must be compatible with the physical environment where it will be used. This theoretical account leads to reason that the relationship between engineering and socieconomic factor is really narrow, it must suit users and demands every bit good as must be designed to better quality life.Engineering AreasEnvironmental tendencies that are d etermining new applied scientistsBrief reference of of import events that encourage environmental position on technologyWorld population, followed by clime alteration are considered the two chief factors that are determining new applied scientists with environmental attack. During the last half of the 21th century ; universe population increased from 2.5 billion to 6 billion particularly in less economically developed states, this tendency is expected to top out at 9.3 billion by 2050 ( United Nations 2012 ) . In add-on, overpopulation besides has been linked with higher demands of natural resources ( H2O, cropland, wood ) , shanty colonies, transportation-infrastructure shortages etc. Another of import event that is doing an environmental attack is the fact that the current planetary economic is based on productiveness, which has brought several impacts associated with nursery gases, waste merchandise of fossil fuels and air pollution. Climate alteration is surely the consequence o f all these elements at an unnatural rate. Therefore, the universe has changed its development attack to sustainable development ( Brown, Rener & A ; Halweil 2000 ) . Hence, most of professional corporations have incorporated sustainable development into their purpose statements and codifications.New theoretical account of acquisition and patternTo face the planetary challenges that the Earth are confronting today, technology instruction has incorporated the construct of sustainability into all technology Fieldss. This means, that professional are expected to do dependable determinations that improve quality of life every bit good as cut downing negative impacts on environment and degrees of ingestion, and be aftering their actions harmonizing to socio-economic factors and engineering available. Consequently, the procedure of acquisition and pattern has been adjusted by a theoretical account of instruction more realistic-practical. Where pupils throughout workshops are larning and e difice cognition in existent state of affairss, every bit good as has created in them greater environmental duty. ( Amadei 2004 ) .Sustainability and transmutationAs explain Azapagic, Perdan & A ; Clift ( 2004 ) , there are surely three constrains that built the construct of sustainability. Techno-centric concerns, which represent human expertness, inventiveness and economic systems, Eco-centric concerns related with natural resources and ecological capableness and socio-centric concern based on human and societal outlooks. The Techno-centric concerns, has been traditionally used in the procedure of instruction in technology, the duty of today ‘s applied scientists is to include in equal proportion or balance all three restraints to accomplish a sustainable development. Which finally is seeking for human well-being, in other words fulfilling human demands, bettering quality of life in an eco-friendly manner.Water Supply and SanitationDeveloping States backgroundUNESCO ( 2010 ) states that H2O supply is one of the most serious jobs confronting by developing states, in India for case, 85 % of the urban population has entree to imbibing H2O, but merely 20 % of the of this meets the health-quality criterions set by World Health Organization. Additionally, the day-to-day rate of H2O supply frequently is really low and depends on economic factors and location. The state of affairs on sanitation is even worse ; frequently sanitation has lower precedence than H2O supply. It has estimated that 2.6 billion people do non hold decently or bing sanitation system in developing states. Another issue related with sanitation is in fact that effluent and solid waste aggregation services ; and stormwater drainage are unequal. Littering straight to open countries for case, has created environmental impacts on surface and land H2O resources being more dramatic in countries such as shanty towns.Engineering Challenges Engineers attackThe traditionally intervention of H2O suppl y and sanitation direction is considered now as a standard process. Which has several interventions harmonizing to the H2O physicochemical features, engineering available and environmental ordinances. Although, it is by no agencies certain that this process has been the best. Indeed, 95 % of the effluent in the universe has been discharged to the environment without intervention ( Montgomery & A ; Elimelech 2007 ) . Hence, Beside new ordinances and codifications, todays ‘ applied scientists instead that retroflex solutions from developed states to developing states, they will hold to run into basic demands of all communities for H2O and sanitation and work as facilitators of sustainability attack within context institutional, societal, political, economic, environmental and technological. Thereby, the issue of H2O and sanitation in developing states will be overcame or at least decreased. For illustration, cleaner production can be â€Å" an expensive solution † , never theless it is truly depends on legion conditions linked with the population objet, such as natural resources, demands and societal category.EnergyDeveloping States backgroundIn the following few decennaries, the force per unit area on energy services will increase well in developing states. It is predicted that energy ingestion worldwide will increase approximately 30 % from 2007 to 2030 and most of that growing will be came from developing states. As a consequence, the intergovernmental panel clime alteration ( 2007 ) point out that these energy issues will be addressed through cost-efficient energy plans based on the decrease of dodo fuel usage ; executions of ecofriendly engineerings and renewable energy in lodging, transit and industrial sectors and eventually the decrease of life-cycle cost, this related with all disbursals in the design, building, operation and care of a peculiar undertaking. ( Liu, Meyer & A ; Hogan 2010, pp. 35,36 ) . Today ‘s modern development demand s serious energetic plans that fix up both economic development and sustainable development based on the rational usage of natural resources.Engineering Challenges and attack in developing Nations.Worldwide experiences have showed that the replacing of non-renewable to renewable energy seems to be more expensive and furthermore, information about renewable engineerings is unequal or unapproachable. For that ground, the common committedness for applied scientists on energy solutions is provide better options in footings of sustainability and development. Adoption and design of new engineerings, ordinances, technology supervising within national schemes, continues updating, provide advice of energy demands, etc. , will be the common countries where applied scientists ‘ function will be important for environmental energy development in the less economically developed states. ( UNESCO 2010, p. 288 ) .Decisions

Contingencies on the Moral Ethics of Qu’ran

Moral ethics or moral philosophy involves the systemization, defense and recommendation of the concepts of right and wrong behavior. Currently, we define morality within the religious tomes and its dictates. The normative concept of what is right and wrong is religiously determined; that is to say that the moral dictums we follow or pattern is dependent on what the religious tomes, like the Bible [for the Christians] and Qu’ran [for the Moslem] impose on its’ followers. Take for instance, the suras of Mohammad in Al-Isra’ [ The Night Journey of the Children of Israel] , a Moslem disciple of Allah, defines the virtues and duties of a faithful Moslem. Hereto we investigate the moral dictums of Sura 17 of Qu’ran and moral implications on the contemporary society as well as several other important issues like the Sura politicization and current social relevance. Mohammad’s Sura 17Al Isra’ titled The Night Journey of the Children of Israel is equivocal to the Abraham’s Ten Commandments in the Christians Holy Bible. As human beings, we are differentiated from the rest of the animal kingdom by our ability to ‘reason’ and to play by the set of rules and obligations as members of the holistic society. The imposition of ‘rules’, ‘regulations’, and ‘duties’ are complex but the foundation is basically the same—they appear obligatory irrespective of the consequences that may follow. One major tenet of duty theories is duty/obligation to God/Allah and arguably, any religion for that matter, would necessitate or allude to the practice of inward and outward worship to God. For Moslems, such practice is neatly outlined in the ‘commandments’ imposed by Allah through the writings of His disciple Mohammad in Sura 17 of the Qu’ran. The precepts of Moslem moral duty are basically the same with that of the Christian, ‘Do not kill’, ‘Honoring parents’, ‘Do not lie’, ‘Avoid adultery’, ‘Do not covet, and ‘observing Sabbath’. Because such moral duties were defined thousands of years ago, they would naturally lose the characteristic elasticity especially if correlated to the current demands of the changing society. The contention is that with the rise of technology and the current trend of globalization, moral duty is now questioned with the concept of Darwinian adaptation. Looking at it this way, Moslem moral duty would need to rectify the age old wisdom to answer to the demands of the societal evolution. Would Allah’s commandments be suffice to feed the moral need of the people? Apparently, Allah puts emphasis on prima facie duties described in Qu’ran Sura 17. In actuality such duties lay conflict on our daily life. Poverty is a pox of the society and one of the major problems correlated to it is overpopulation. To combat this, the [most] government prescribed or legalized ‘abortion’ to control increasing population. Naturally, abortion is a huge no-no to Moslem duty and this was explicitly defined in Sura 17: YUSUFALI: Kill not your children for fear of want: We shall provide sustenance for them as well as for you. Verily the killing of them is a great sin. PICKTHAL: Slay not your children, fearing a fall to poverty, We shall provide for them and for you. Lo! the slaying of them is great sin. SHAKIR: And do not kill your children for fear of poverty; We give them sustenance and yourselves (too); surely to kill them is a great wrong (v 32). The notion is laughable considering that raising children is a responsibility which entails financial sustenance and not just from abstract provision from Allah. While it true that abortion is an unorthodox method of population control from the religious view, it cannot be contested that it is a ‘legal’ right in most Western and Westernized countries alike. Additionally, the verse is also in contra with the women empowerment on their right to choose to deliver life of their own accord. Herein there is a question on individual moral conviction; in a sense, abortion is not religiously right by the premise of Allah’s Sura which is in contrast with the current trends on upholding women empowerment and the stabilizing force of the government-erected constitution. Perhaps the most debated issue on Allah’s commands is the verse concerning murder and the justice system underscored by it: .YUSUFALI: Nor take life – which Allah has made sacred – except for just cause. And if anyone is slain wrongfully, we have given his heir authority (to demand qisas or to forgive): but let him not exceed bounds in the matter of taking life; for he is helped (by the Law). PICKTHAL: And slay not the life which Allah hath forbidden save with right. Whoso is slain wrongfully, We have given power unto his heir, but let him not commit excess in slaying. Lo! he will be helped. SHAKIR: And do not kill any one whom Allah has forbidden, except for a just cause, and whoever is slain unjustly, We have indeed given to his heir authority, so let him not exceed the just limits in slaying; surely he is aided (V. 3). While it is true that murder is forbidden in Islam, there also constitute a just compensation for the victim and the allusion of Allah as the Supreme Being, Him being a cause to die for. Compensatory damages proceed by an almost unprecedented manner; Sharia law of qisas (retaliation) dictates an almost undemocratic treatment of the murder victims with biased favors for the Islams and only half of blood money allowed for the non-Islams. Such system of compensation is far-fetch from the now-favored legislative system which does not pass down court decisions on compensatory damages depending on the type of religion. The notion of Supremist religion of the Islamic community is instigated by the fact that Qu’ran and any Islamic texts (if not abrogated) states the omnipotence and the due reverence that must be bestowed to Him [Allah], and if otherwise not followed, will incur the curses of Allah and all mankind. YUSUFALI: And fight them on until there is no more Tumult or oppression, and there prevail justice and faith in Allah; but if they cease, Let there be no hostility except to those who practise oppression. PICKTHAL: And fight them until persecution is no more, and religion is for Allah. But if they desist, then let there be no hostility except against wrong-doers. SHAKIR: And fight with them until there is no persecution, and religion should be only for Allah, but if they desist, then there should be no hostility except against the oppressor (v. 93). While mercy killing is condemned, jihad is ‘just’ because it is for the cause of Allah and it is an acceptable means to obliterate the unbelievers. Over the course of history, and more so now, jihad is politicized by Islamic communities; Islam government and in some small discrete communities who practiced Islamic faith claimed that jihad is just if for the cause of retaliation and Allah. YUSUFALI: The prohibited month for th e prohibited month,- and so for all things prohibited,- there is the law of equality. If then any one transgresses the prohibition against you, Transgress ye likewise against him. But fear Allah, and know that Allah is with those who restrain themselves. PICKTHAL: The forbidden month for the forbidden month, and forbidden things in retaliation. And one who attacketh you, attack him in like manner as he attacked you. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is with those who ward off (evil). SHAKIR: The Sacred month for the sacred month and all sacred things are (under the law of) retaliation; whoever then acts aggressively against you, inflict injury on him according to the injury he has inflicted on you and be careful (of your duty) to Allah and know that Allah is with those who guard (against evil)(v. 194). Jihad then is a defensive mechanism for the Moslem community. Looking at it this way, genocide is permissible given that the victims are Christians or Islam non-believers. What is most daunting is that such principle/concept destroys diplomatic international relations between Moslems and Christians. Such moral principle lay conflict to the recently instigated international law banning warfare after the World War II. While it is true that religious laws lay foundation to our basic moral principles and ethics, it must be remembered that our greater obligation is to produce good for the greater mankind. An inspection on some Qu’ran laws display the importance of reconsidering or rectifying the foundations of Moslem moral ethics based on several social and universal moral considerations.

The Process of Changing a Newborns Diaper

You should not take lightly the changing of a diaper. For it to be done correctly, you need to take the time and do the proper steps. If not done so, your baby could end up with a diaper rash and more seriously, an infection. A clean diapered baby is a happy baby. To start, you need to know the weight of the newborn. With this, you will be able to find which size diapers will be appropriate. Not all newborns wear newborn diapers. You will also need to decide on which brand diaper you will want to use. There are several brands to choose. The name brands are nice because they absorb more and children are less likely to get rashes. Priced less and packaged in greater quantity are generic brands. However, they are less absorbent, which results in frequent changing and greater chance for diaper rash. You will also need a diaper wipes and powder. Again, there are name brand and generic. You will have to make the decision based on, which is better for you and your newborns needs. After you choose the size and brand you need to set up the area in which you will be changing the newborn. It should be soft yet washable. Sometimes things can get a little messy and you will want to be able to disinfect. Put all these supplies at easy access to you where you will be changing the newborn. Make sure supplies are at the foot of the changing area. This will keep little hands from reaching them. All the cellophane should be off the packages. Take the diapers out of the packaging and stack them at a hand’s reach. You should not have to walk away as soon as you start changing the baby. You are ready to change. Start by placing the baby on the changing surface with its head at appropriate end. Undress the baby from waist down. There are tabs on the front of the diaper, lift up on the corners of them and the diaper will be unsecured. You need to check if the baby has had a bowel movement. To do this, just pull diaper carefully down between the legs of the baby. If so, hold both feet of the baby in left hand (for right handed people, right hand for left handed people). You now only have your right hand to work with. You will be holding the baby’s feet in your left hand for rest of the diaper changing. Lift the baby up so that only their butt is off the table. While still holding baby in this position, take your right hand and place it in between the baby’s leg going toward the head. Grab the front of the diaper and pull it back through the legs carefully. You do not want to have to clean more than you have to. Place the front of the diaper down on the changing surface. Do not remove from underneath the baby yet. Babies will go at anytime, so the diaper underneath will grab any surprises. Next, open wipes box and remove one. Place wipe on the baby’s front by where you see the start of the bowel movement. With a front to back motion, wipe the baby’s bottom. Take the dirty wipe and place it in the front of the soiled diaper. You may need to be repeating this step until the wipe does not show any soiling. Be sure to get into all the creases and check the back for soiling. If the baby, however, didn’t have a bowel movement then one wipe should be used to wipe off any urine that is on the baby. Then place the dirty wipe on the soiled diaper. Now you take the soiled diaper out from underneath the baby. You do this by sliding it toward the feet of the baby. Set it aside. Reach over and get a new diaper off the new stack. Place the back of the diaper (the side with tabs) under the baby, making sure that the top of the diaper is in the lower to middle back. To check this, lower baby down to check placement. If not correct, lift the baby back up and adjust placement of diaper. Finally, you can lower the baby down. The baby is now on top of a clean diaper and is ready for powder. Open powder by turning ribbed top until you see the holes are open. With feet in one hand, lift baby’s bottom slightly up. Take caution with this next step. Turn the powder container slowly over baby’s bottom. Softly shake it like a salt shaker. You and the baby will be covered in powder If too much force is used After a light dusting of powder is applied, place the baby down back onto the diaper. Now it is time to secure the diaper onto the baby. This step is usually the most difficult. Do not get frustrated. It takes patients and practice. Take the front of the diaper and lift it up slowly in-between the baby’s legs. Look for the tabs that are secured to the diaper. On either side of the baby Pull up on the corner of the tab and lift to expose the adhesive. Bring the tab over to the front of the diaper. You will see a cute decoration pattern strip that is shiny on the front of diaper. This is where you will secure the tab. You will want to do the first side towards the middle of the strip. Take the opposite side tab and do the same. If you have difficulties reaching the middle with the second tab, you may have to loosen the first one you applied. To get the correct tightness, it might take a few adjustments on the placement of the tabs. Make sure that the tabs are even from the center. This will give you an evenly placed diaper on the baby. The diaper should be snug. If you can see in-between the baby and the diaper, it’s too loose. On the contrary, if the babies skin is wrinkling, it’s too tight. Finally, it’s time to dress the baby from waist down. When this is done, place the baby in a safe place. Wash the changing area with a disinfectant, throw away soiled diaper and wash your hands. Now that wasn’t so bad. Was it? If your lucky, you only have 2 more years of diaper changing. In no time you’ll be able to do it in your sleep.

Supervisory Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Supervisory Management - Assignment Example This project seeks to develop various plans to accomplish these tasks in order to create her a good working environment when she reports back to work. Task 1- A list of changes that may be needed and a budget for each of the changes Many changes will be required to cater for the daily living activities. She may need personal care and assistance during work time. In order to enable this employee meet her private care needs, the possible accommodations are: provide her with personal attendant who will assist in eating, toileting and grooming. Provide schedules that are flexible to enable her undertake sick leave so that she can access medical attention. Create periodic breaks so that she can meet her needs in proper repositioning, grooming or toileting. Allow her bring an animal for service into the place of work. Most of these care needs are at no cost. The only cost incurred is approximately $150 per month to pay her personal attendant. This employee may encounter quite a number of o bstacles at the working station. These obstacles in turn create a number of limitations. Major changes will therefore take place to accommodate such obstacles. Provide accessible system of filing if she cannot reach lower and upper drawers in a filing cabinet that is vertical. Give her desks and tables that can be adjusted in height if she is not comfortable at the existing ones. If she cannot manipulate paper, provide her with book holders and page turners. Provide faxes and copiers so that she can easily access them while seated. Depending on her preferences and limitations, systems such as voice mail, automatic dialing, activated voice speakers and phones with large buttons can be provided. Other alternatives for computer access are provided depending on her preferences and limitations. These accessories are track balls, speech recognition, alternative keyboard, key guards and Morse code entry (Greer & Plunkett 2006). Most of these provisions are assets to the organization theref ore their costs are termed to be null. The employee also encounters other obstacles during travel to their work place. Major changes to counteract such obstacles are; ensuring accessibility to lodging, training or meeting site and transportation, renovating her wheelchair and other medical supplies. This is reported to be at a cost of $500 every month. In addition, a knee chair which is ergonomically designed is purchased to enable her attend meetings and perform tasks while seated. This is at a reported cost of 200 dollars. Task 2- A plan for ensuring that she will be treated in a sensitive manner, consistent with the content of chapter 14 (Supervisory Management 11th Edition). The major goal for each and every organization is to make profits. To realize such profits, a plan is developed to ensure productivity of employees with disabilities. Treating this employee in acceptable and a sensitive manner is my mission. It is therefore made achievable by giving her light duties. These a re duties that require less mental and physical energy. According to Greer & Plunkett (2006), to ensure discipline at work place, then other workers who have ability to perform normal work can be assigned some of her duties. Considering this employer on a wheel chair, most of her duties will be fixed in a part time work schedule. Providing marginal functions redistribution to effect position restructuring of what cannot be performed by her. Increasing her cover for

Roman-like about Romanesque architecture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Roman-like about Romanesque architecture - Essay Example Medieval Christian basilicas incorporated many new inventions, however, including â€Å"the outstanding engineering achievement of the stone vault† (Stalley: 1999, p. 130). The Romans and early Christian architects had managed to construct groin and barrel vaulting, but they were usually very small. They had used wood to cover the vast basilica spaces. Romanesque masons worked out techniques to apply this feature to huge stone buildings. Romanesque vaults were made of â€Å"rubble or roughly dressed masonry, which called for a liberal supply of mortar.† (Stalley, 1999, p. 130) This material was both thick and heavy, and was held together by compression. The forces involved in this caused the walls to buckle, and so builders had to make the walls very thick and strong, and support them with the use of external buttresses. In Italy there was a tendency to construct basilicas with a lot of columns, largely due to the availability of antique Roman columns (Clapham: 1946, p. 30). Better engineering techniques allowed the addition of windows in areas not subject to stress, and in Germany the basic basilica form was enhanced with, arches, side rooms, and towers and turrets as well to accommodate various kinds of smaller scale Christian activity alongside the massive public space for high festivals.

E-Business In Practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

E-Business In Practice - Essay Example This paper begins with conducting market analysis of e-books and e-readers. It then proceeds to evaluate the needs of customers with regards to e-books and e-readers. Further, the paper continues to analyse the disruptive effect of this technology to the publishing industry’s value chain. Finally, the paper conducts a strategic analysis of the future direction of this market and makes recommendations for conventional publishers to undertake in order to remain competitive in future.   This paper highlights that books are big business. According to PwC in 2009 people globally spent $108 billion on books. Already, readers in the twenty-first century use an increasing amount of electronic texts in the form of e-mails, web pages, text-messages, online catalogues, databases and e-newspapers. E-books are a natural extension to this move towards electronic text. In the United States the Association of American publishers reported revenues of   $969.9 million in 2011 for e-books excluding the religious category and sales from smaller, independent publishers. In Europe, the e-book and e-reader market is still in its infancy though it holds promise, especially in the UK, which stands to benefit from the extensive range of English-language e-books available.  The growth of e-books in the UK is expected to be driven by two factors: the proliferation of multifunctional devices, such as tablets and smartphones that can be used to access e-books, and the rising importance of the electronic special interest book market.